How statistics are calculated
We count how many offers each candidate received and for what salary. For example, if a Full Stack Web developer with Bootstrap with a salary of $4,500 received 10 offers, then we would count him 10 times. If there were no offers, then he would not get into the statistics either.
The graph column is the total number of offers. This is not the number of vacancies, but an indicator of the level of demand. The more offers there are, the more companies try to hire such a specialist. 5k+ includes candidates with salaries >= $5,000 and < $5,500.
Median Salary Expectation – the weighted average of the market offer in the selected specialization, that is, the most frequent job offers for the selected specialization received by candidates. We do not count accepted or rejected offers.
Trending Full Stack Web tech & tools in 2024
Full Stack Web
What is a Full-stack Developer?
A Full stack developer is a technician skilled in both front end and back end of a software application. Full-stack developers have thorough knowledge of technologies used to implement features in different components or layers of a software product.
Full-stack Developers should have an understanding of the following:
Presentation Layer
The layer deals with the front end part of the application, i.e., user interfaces
Business Logic Layer
The business logic layer represents the application backend part, for example, the data validation, the messages going from the front end to the back end and vice versa.
Database Layer
This layer deals with the database connectivity with the application’s front end.
So, being a Full-stack developer does not mean you need to be expert in all these technologies; but you should be having an idea of how client as well server side things are working in the technologies that you are using to develop your app.
Business has started in for services called Full-stack development giving up the thought to hire different professionals to develop a software app.
Front End Technologies
As front end technologies are becoming more and more vital in product development, while the speed of demands on digital solutions has been skyrocketed, the world is no longer asking “what?” to analyze if a product was successful or not. Instead, it asks “how did it feel?” to evaluate the same.
Front end technologies are leveraged for the front end part of a software product, by the user. Full-stack developer needs to have clarity regarding what an application should look like and what is the flow of an app.
HTML/CSS
HTML was created for representing web apps and web pages by using an impression called Hypertext Markup Language. CSS was created for representing how HTML events should be shown on the screen by an impression called Cascading Style Sheets. And sometimes CSS can control the layout of multiple web pages at once.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is an responsive, multi-purpose, mobile first CSS framework used to develop websites and web applications. It allows websites to adjust gracefully to fit any screen sizes and devices. This open source tool provides lots of CSS, JavaScript based design templates to facilitate the development by saving developers time of writing codes.
AngularJS
AngularJS, which uses JavaScript, is an open source framework that can overcome many obstacles that present themselves in building single-page applications.
React
React is a JavaScript library for the development of user interfaces, which is fundamentally equipped to offer very good rendering both on the server and on the side of the client.
Backend Technologies
Every software application consists of two sides: frontend and backend. More often than not, the app that you see in front of you is merely a frontend. The rest of it – what enables organized storage of data, robust functioning of the application on client side, etc – is the backend.
Backend is the one that communicates with the front end and transfers information to be displayed on the web app. If you fill out a form in the app, request to buy an item or save an item in your card, front end of the app sends the request to the back end, which fetches that data and returns it.
PHP
This it does, by parsing the incoming request (the query string or the body of the POST request) and executing the specified program, much as any general-purpose programming language would for any such task – such as generating dynamically a page for a website or web app, receiving form data, setting session cookies, etc.
Java
Java is an object-oriented language that runs on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux, MAC and so on. The language can be used as a development environment for mobile app, web app, desktop app, games, database connection , web servers and application servers as well.
Python
Python is a general purpose and interpreted language and used by its developers to design web applications and link to database systems. It is human-friendly because it enables programmers to write less lines of codes with respect to other languages and is similar to English.
.NET
.NET is an open-source cross-platform that is used by developers to create web apps, mobile apps, desktop apps, microservices and gaming apps, and IoT apps. .NET requires the C#, Visual Basic or F# programming language to build apps.
NodeJS
NodeJS is a application that used to create network applications with the ability of scaling. NodeJS is also a javascript runtime that built into an open source, cross-platform server environment capable of running on Linux, Mac OS X, and Unix platform.
Go
It’s an open source Google programming language for development of general-purpose programming language that write a simple and efficient software applications.
Database
It’s pretty exceptional for existing software products to function without having some sort of database to store the actual data. If you’re a Full-stack developer, you should know about at least one or two database systems, and how to talk to it.
MySQL
MySQL is a free RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) that uses SQL to insert, retrieve and manage data stored in the database.
MongoDB
MongoDB is an open-source cross-platform document-oriented database which belongs to a class of databases called NoSQL. It provides high performance, high availability and easy horizontal effortless scalability, The MongoDB coding is performed in C++.
PostgreSQL
An open-source RDBMS is known as PostgreSQL. It can accommodate workloads, from a single machine app to data warehousing or distributed web services, with many concurrent users.
SQL Server
SQL Server is a relational database management system that maintains and retrieves data based on requests made by application software running on the same system, or on a system across the network.
DevOps
The term ‘DevOps’ is a hybrid blend of two words – ‘development’ and ‘operations’ – with a specific interpretation. Used as a set of software development practices, it means uniting development and operations teams to get code into production faster in an automated and repeatable manner.
It helps developers to play their full role in the complete development cycle of any software from design and development to delivery of the same.
It also helps organisations to improve their pace in delivering digital solutions and applications.
A Full-stack developer should understand the DevOps lifecycle and the DevOps process versus traditional process he participated in the development of it.
Understanding of horizontal concerns within the application
Request/Response Tracing
Request/response tracing will allow the developers to see what is happening to a particular request to the software application.
File Storage
A file storage system is a service that stores data stored in files and folders in a hierarchical order. The system retrieving it and the system storing it the same format in which it is presented. A Full-stack developer needs to know different kinds of file storage services such as Google cloud, Microsoft Azure, AWS and other for store the data in specific format.
Security
In developing any type of software, security is the most important thing to make your software application secure and not breaking any security standards. As a Full stack developer you should know about encryption, public and private key cryptography, SHA 128 and decryption etc.
Logging
The technical definition of logging is to record processes, input and output of data and actions, which an application executes. Whenever we develop any software product, we barely think about logging or don’t have any technical knowledge about logging. A core duty of a Full-stack developer is to create log file and store logs in it.
Understanding of Compliances
While developing a software application, different types of data are involved such as personal, financial, audit, transactional, high sensitive. Therefore, identification and grouping of data are the two mandatory activities of software development. Since software-based applications are critical for modern businesses. It’s extremely important to protect the various types of data such as financial and personal data. Finally requirement of the organisation also include the compliances of different regulatory bodies like SEC, ISO and SOC 2.
So, Full-stack developer yourself need to learn about the compliances and regulations.
HIPAA
Full stack developers help to make healthcare apps secure and protect privacy of medical records under HIPAA compliance to safeguard patient information. HIPAA compliance guarantee patient’s right to have access over their medical records. HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act. If you are a Full-stack developer, you must be able to explain how you are going to add HIPAA compliance to your healthcare apps and how you will make it HIPAA compliant.
PCI DSS
PCI DSS is short for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, a suite of regulations that have to be met for maintaining compliance in applications that handle credit card details for the card schemes Visa, Discover, American Express and MasterCard. Consequently, it is obvious that a developer must be familiar with the PCI DSS requirements in order to make a payment app regulated.
FISMA
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) is a compliance framework where a developer can concentrate on implementing computer and network security to support the US Federal Government and its contractors and affiliates. By working towards FISMA standard, the developer will improve security of software.
It is important to understand all the above skills and technologies to become a Full stack developer. LeewayHertz has a team of Full stack developer who can build a digital solution as per client requirements.
Where is Bootstrap used?
Rapid Prototyping Party
- Bootstrap acts like a fairy godmother for devs, transforming pumpkins into carriages—er, I mean, turning your wireframes into workable prototypes faster than Cinderella's dress upgrade.
Responsive-ness to the Rescue
- With Bootstrap's magical media queries, creating a digital chameleon that flawlessly adapts to any screen size is a walk in the park or a swipe on the phone!
Plugin-a-Palooza
- It's like a swiss army knife for front-end developers! Need a carousel? Check. Popover? No prob. Bootstrap's got more plugins than a rock band has guitars.
Theme Park Madness
- Bootstrap lets you swap themes like trading cards. Feeling moody? Go dark mode. Want more flair? Dive into a theme pool and come out looking fresh and modern!
Bootstrap Alternatives
Foundation
ZURB's Foundation is a responsive front-end framework. Like Bootstrap, it's used for building websites & apps in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
<div class="grid-x">
<div class="cell small-6">50%</div>
<div class="cell small-6">50%</div>
</div>
- Pros: Highly customizable, mobile-first approach, semantic code structure.
- Cons: Steeper learning curve, less widespread community, heavier size.
Bulma
Bulma is a modern CSS framework based on Flexbox, providing a clean syntax that is easy to understand.
<div class="columns">
<div class="column is-half">50%</div>
<div class="column is-half">50%</div>
</div>
- Pros: Easy to pick up, Flexbox-based grid, modern look and feel.
- Cons: No JavaScript components, less browser support compared to Bootstrap, not as many resources.
Materialize
Materialize is a UI component library created with CSS, JavaScript, and HTML, implementing Google's Material Design.
<div class="row">
<div class="col s6">50%</div>
<div class="col s6">50%</div>
</div>
- Pros: Material Design standards, responsive transitions and shadows, abundance of components.
- Cons: May feel too opinionated, slightly less customizable, heaviness in animation.
Quick Facts about Bootstrap
Birthed by Twitter's Wisdom
In the mystical year of 2011, the digital wizards at Twitter—namely Mark Otto and Jacob Thornton—decided to concoct a spellbinding framework that would make web development as easy as pie, or at least as easy as tweeting. Dubbed Bootstrap, this concoction was more than just a jumble of code; it was a revolutionary step towards responsiveness and mobile-first design, zapping the internet with its sleek components and grid system.
Version Hopping Like a Code Kangaroo
With the swiftness of a ninja, Bootstrap has leaped from its humble beginnings to grandiose heights. From its baby steps with v1.0 to the strapping Bootstrap 4 that flexed its muscles with Flexbox in 2018, it was quite the journey. Then, as if infused with an energy drink, it vaulted straight to Bootstrap 5 in 2020, ditching jQuery like an old pair of socks and embracing a brave new world of vanilla JavaScript adventures!
Style-O-Matic 3000!
Bootstrap’s greatest party trick? Behold the magician’s cape of pre-built components, turning the average Joe developer into a styling Houdini. Need a jazzy button or an accordion that drops knowledge bombs? Poof! Bootstrap has got you covered, complete with a sprinkle of customizable sass variables to make 'em look just right.
// Behold the magic spell to conjure a button!
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Do Not Press</button>
// And, for an encore—an accordion to dazzle the masses!
<div class="accordion" id="accordionExample">
<div class="accordion-item">
<h2 class="accordion-header" id="headingOne">
<button class="accordion-button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseOne" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="collapseOne">
Accordion Item #1
</button>
</h2>
<div id="collapseOne" class="accordion-collapse collapse show" aria-labelledby="headingOne">
<div class="accordion-body">
<strong>This is the first item's accordion body.</strong> It is shown by default, until the collapse plugin adds the appropriate classes that we use to style each element.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
What is the difference between Junior, Middle, Senior and Expert Bootstrap developer?
Seniority Name | Years of Experience | Average Salary (USD/year) | Responsibilities & Activities |
---|---|---|---|
Junior | 0-2 | 35,000-50,000 |
|
Middle | 2-5 | 50,000-75,000 |
|
Senior | 5-10 | 75,000-120,000 |
|
Expert/Team Lead | 10+ | 120,000+ |
|
Top 10 Bootstrap Related Tech
HTML5 Canvas
Picture this: You're the artist, HTML5 Canvas is your easel, and the browser is your gallery. Every Bootstrap-dev worth their salt knows that without HTML5, there's no structure to showcase their modern art. It's like building a house without bricks—outrageous! You'll be drawing, animating, and manipulating graphics like Da Vinci with code, giving those UI elements the zest they deserve.
<canvas id="myCanvas"></canvas>
<script>
var canvas = document.getElementById('myCanvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.fillStyle = '#FF0000';
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 150, 75);
</script>
CSS3 Sass Preprocessing
Enter Sass, the fairy godmother of CSS. Transforming your vanilla stylesheets into sparkling CSS ball gowns. With Sass, you’ll be nesting faster than a hamster in winter, mixing mixins like a cocktail wizard, and using variables like you're in algebra class. Sass is what happens when stylesheets drink an energy drink; you get more style with less hassle, and Bootstrap just eats it up. Yum!
$primary-color: #333;
body {
font: 100% $primary-color;
}
nav {
ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
}
JavaScript & jQuery
Where there's a will, there's a way, and JavaScript is the way to make your website do backflips if you ask nicely. It’s the maestro conducting the dynamic symphony of your site. Add a dash of jQuery for that extra seasoning, because who wants to write document.getElementById('yawn') when you can just $('#awesome')? Embrace the power, and bootstrap your way to interactive glory!
$('button').on('click', function() {
alert('jQuery makes me happy!');
});
Responsive Design
It's 2023, and if your website can't turn into an origami masterpiece adapting to any screen, you've missed the boat. Responsive design ensures your users don't need a magnifying glass or a map to navigate your site on their phones. Flex those CSS muscles with media queries, flexbox, and grids, and watch as your Bootstrap baby plays nicely with devices from smart-fridges to space stations.
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.container {
max-width: 750px;
}
}
Git Version Control
With great power comes great responsibility, and Git is your friendly neighborhood version controller, swinging through your code, saving the day one commit at a time. It's the time machine every developer wishes they had during that "oopsie" moment. Branch out like you're planting a forest, merge like there's no tomorrow, and may the `--force` push be with you as you collaborate like coding Avengers.
git add .
git commit -m "Fixed the hover state bug."
git push origin master
Bootstrap Grid System
Imagine a symphony where every musician plays whatever they want—chaos! That's your website without the Bootstrap Grid. It's the secret sauce to serving your content right, with columns that tango together across breakpoints. Whether your layout is as unpredictable as a cat on catnip or as complex as a Rubik's cube, grids have your back, keeping everything in check like an overzealous librarian.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">I take up 2/3!</div>
<div class="col-md-4">Only 1/3 for me!</div>
</div>
</div>
NPM or Yarn
Meet the Robin to your Batman, the package managers: NPM and Yarn. They’re like supermarkets for your code dependencies. Need a package? Just shout down the aisles and NPM or Yarn will zoom down on their skateboards to hand deliver it. Run those install commands and watch your node_modules grow like you watered them with magic growth elixir.
npm install bootstrap@4 --save
# or if you're a Yarn aficionado
yarn add bootstrap@4
WebPack or Gulp
If your web assets were a band, WebPack or Gulp would be the manager making sure each asset hits the stage at the right time. Bundle, minify, transpile—these tools turn your code into a dazzling performance, optimizing load times faster than you can say "Is it me or did the site just load instantaneously?" Set up the gig, define the setlist, and let your front-end rock out in seamless harmony.
module.exports = {
entry: './path/to/entry/file.js',
output: {
path: './dist',
filename: 'bundle.js'
}
// More magic here ...
};
RESTful Services & APIs
Ever fancy chatting up databases at cocktail parties? That's what APIs are for but without the awkward small talk. RESTful services give you the power to whisper sweet nothings to servers and get them to send you love letters in JSON format. It's like texting, but instead of emojis, you're sending HTTP requests to bring back data for your Bootstrap masterpiece.
fetch('https://api.example.com/data')
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => console.log(data));
Chrome DevTools
You've just crafted the Sistine Chapel of websites, but hold your horses, Michelangelo! Chrome DevTools is your inspection magnifying glass, the detective in the browser, solving mysteries one console.log at a time. Tweak CSS, debug JavaScript, and profile performance while pulling off that hacker vibe. It's like having X-ray vision, but for code, and without the radiation risks!
document.querySelector('.btn').addEventListener('click', function(){
console.log('Button clicked!');
});