How statistics are calculated
We count how many offers each candidate received and for what salary. For example, if a DevOps developer with AWS Cloudformation with a salary of $4,500 received 10 offers, then we would count him 10 times. If there were no offers, then he would not get into the statistics either.
The graph column is the total number of offers. This is not the number of vacancies, but an indicator of the level of demand. The more offers there are, the more companies try to hire such a specialist. 5k+ includes candidates with salaries >= $5,000 and < $5,500.
Median Salary Expectation – the weighted average of the market offer in the selected specialization, that is, the most frequent job offers for the selected specialization received by candidates. We do not count accepted or rejected offers.
Trending DevOps tech & tools in 2024
DevOps
What is a DevOps Engineer?
A DevOps engineer is an IT generalist who should have a wide-ranging knowledge of both development and operations, including coding, infrastructure management, system administration, and DevOps toolchains. DevOps engineers should also possess interpersonal skills since they work across company silos to create a more collaborative environment.
DevOps engineers need to have a strong understanding of common system architecture, provisioning, and administration, but must also have experience with the traditional developer toolset and practices such as using source control, giving and receiving code reviews, writing unit tests, and familiarity with agile principles.
Roles and Responsibilities
The role of a DevOps engineer will vary from one organization to another, but invariably entails some combination of:
- Release engineering
- Infrastructure provisioning and management
- System administration
- Security
- DevOps advocacy
Release Engineering
Release engineering includes the work required to build and deploy application code. The exact tools and processes vary widely depending on many variables, such as what language the code is written in, how much of the pipeline has been automated, and whether the production infrastructure is on-premise or in the cloud.
Release engineering might entail:
- Selecting, provisioning, and maintaining CI/CD tooling
- Writing and maintaining bespoke build/deploy scripts
Infrastructure Provisioning and System Administration
Infrastructure provisioning and system administration include deploying and maintaining the servers, storage, and networking resources required to host applications.
For organizations with on-premise resources this might include managing physical servers, storage devices, switches, and virtualization software in a data center. For a hybrid or entirely cloud-based organization this will usually include provisioning and managing virtual instances of the same components.
DevOps Advocacy
DevOps advocacy is often undervalued or overlooked entirely but is arguably the most important role of a DevOps engineer. The shift to a DevOps culture can be disruptive and confusing to the engineering team members. As the DevOps subject matter expert, it falls to the DevOps engineer to help evangelize and educate the DevOps way across the organization.
Top 7 DevOps Engineer Skills
Skill | Description |
---|---|
Communication and collaboration | It’s important for a DevOps engineer to communicate and collaborate effectively with teams, managers, and customers. These so-called “soft-skills” are often overlooked and undervalued, but the success of DevOps relies heavily on the quality and quantity of feedback across the entire value stream. |
System administration | A DevOps engineer will have experience with system administration, such as provisioning and managing servers, deploying databases, security monitoring, system patching, and managing internal and external network connectivity. |
Experience with DevOps tools | Since using the right tools are essential to DevOps practices, the DevOps engineer must understand, and be able to use, a variety of tools. These tools span the DevOps lifecycle from infrastructure and building, to monitoring and operating a product or service. |
Configuration management | DevOps engineers will often be expected to have experience with one or more configuration management tools such as Chef, Puppet, or Ansible. Many organizations have adopted these or similar tools to automate system administration tasks such as deploying new systems or applying security patches to systems already running. |
Containers and container orchestration | With containerization, a technology popularized by Docker, the code for the application and its runtime environment are bundled in the same image. This makes traditional configuration management tools less necessary. At the same time, managing containers brings its own challenges, and experience with the class of tools known as “container orchestrators” (e.g., Docker Swarm or Kubernetes) becomes a necessary skill for the DevOps engineer. |
Continuous integration and continuous deployment | Continuous integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD) are core practices of a DevOps approach to software development, and enabled by a host of available tools. The most fundamental function of any CI/CD tool or set of tools is to automate the process of building, testing, and deploying software. DevOps engineers will usually need experience with configuring and deploying one or more CI/CD tools, and will usually need to work closely with the rest of the development organization to ensure that these tools are used effectively. |
System architecture and provisioning | A DevOps engineer should have the ability to design, provision, and manage computer ecosystems, whether on-premise or in the cloud. |
Where is AWS Cloudformation used?
Spinning Up a Circus of Servers
- CloudFormation juggles your infrastructure like a clown with bowling pins, letting you launch a whole fleet of servers with a flick of a template wand.
Blueprinting Your Cloud Castle
- Ready to build a digital fortress? Draft the blueprint and watch CloudFormation lay the virtual bricks for your cloud empire, automagically.
The Time-Traveling Template
- Forget the DeLorean, CloudFormation's templates take your stack back to the future, letting you rewind and replay setups like a code-slinging Marty McFly.
Disaster Strikes Back
- When your cloud realm faces the dark side, CloudFormation is your Jedi ally, rebuilding your infrastructure faster than you can say "May the Force be with you."
AWS Cloudformation Alternatives
Terraform
Terraform by HashiCorp is an Infrastructure as Code tool that allows for the creation, modification, and versioning of cloud infrastructure. It uses declarative configuration files which can be treated as code.
Example: Defining an AWS S3 bucket in Terraform
resource "aws_s3_bucket" "b" {
bucket = "my-tf-test-bucket"
acl = "private"
}
- Pros:
- Multi-cloud support allows for managing various cloud services.
- Infrastructure as code provides easy version control.
- Modules enable reusability of code for similar resources.
- Cons:
- Initial learning curve can be steep for beginners.
- State management could be complex for larger setups.
- Integrations may require additional providers or custom code.
Pulumi
Pulumi is a modern infrastructure as code platform. It lets developers use familiar programming languages to define cloud resources.
Example: Creating an AWS S3 bucket in Pulumi with Python:
import pulumi
import pulumi_aws as aws
bucket = aws.s3.Bucket('my-bucket')
- Pros:
- Supports mainstream programming languages for greater flexibility.
- Provides a robust ecosystem for cloud resource management.
- Integrations with CI/CD for automated deployments.
- Cons:
- Different abstraction can be a challenge for IaC purists.
- May require language-specific tools and dependencies.
- State management in Pulumi Service might introduce vendor lock-in.
Google Cloud Deployment Manager
Google Cloud Deployment Manager is an infrastructure management service that automates the creation and management of Google Cloud resources. Write templates and deploy resources as a stack.
Example: Google Compute Engine instance creation in Deployment Manager
resources:
- name: vm-instance
type: compute.v1.instance
properties:
zone: us-central1-a
machineType: https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/zones/us-central1-a/machineTypes/f1-micro
disks:
- deviceName: boot
type: PERSISTENT
boot: true
autoDelete: true
initializeParams:
sourceImage: https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-9
- Pros:
- Tightly integrated with Google Cloud Platform.
- Template-based deployments simplify resource management.
- Provides input and output parameters for customization.
- Cons:
- Limited to Google Cloud resources.
- Less community support compared to multi-cloud tools.
- User interface is less polished than other IaC services.
Quick Facts about AWS Cloudformation
Once Upon a CloudFormation
In the mystical land of AWS, a magical tool called CloudFormation was conjured in 2011. It's like a genie for infrastructure, where a mere mortal writes a template in YAML or JSON, and voila! Servers and services pop out of the thin virtual air. AWS said, "Let there be an easier way to manage resources!" and thus, CloudFormation was born—doing the heavy lifting so you can kick back with a cup of coffee.
A Template Odyssey
Picture this: You're an architect, but instead of bricks and mortar, you've got lines of code that can erect entire data centers. Enter the year 2011, where AWS CloudFormation templates became the blueprint for your cloud kingdom—no dragons needed, just CloudFormation. It's like LEGO for techies, where clicking together pieces of code generates entire systems, and best of all—no foot injuries from stepping on rogue bricks.
Versioning Voodoo
Ever wondered how your cloud resources are like wine, getting better with age? AWS CloudFormation versions are the secret sauce. Unlike your ex who never changes, AWS CloudFormation keeps evolving. There's no "v1, v2, vInfinite" madness, but "L1" to "L9" layers of sophistication, making sure your infrastructure is as snazzy as your smartwatch and just as up-to-date.
{
"AWSTemplateFormatVersion" : "version date",
"Description" : "A magical incantation for spawning an S3 bucket",
"Resources" : {
"MyS3Bucket" : {
"Type" : "AWS::S3::Bucket",
"Properties" : {
"BucketName" : "A Bucket Full of Dreams"
}
}
}
}
What is the difference between Junior, Middle, Senior and Expert AWS Cloudformation developer?
Seniority Name | Years of Experience | Average Salary (USD/year) | Responsibilities & Activities |
---|---|---|---|
Junior | 0-2 | $50,000 - $70,000 |
|
Middle | 2-5 | $70,000 - $100,000 |
|
Senior | 5-10 | $100,000 - $150,000 |
|
Expert/Team Lead | 10+ | $150,000+ |
|
Top 10 AWS Cloudformation Related Tech
JSON & YAML
If CloudFormation were a pizza, JSON and YAML would be the dough—absolutely essential. They serve as the markup languages for crafting your infrastructure recipes. JSON is like that friend who loves braces and brackets, while YAML is more like a poet, who's all about indentation and minimalism. But remember, a misplaced tab in YAML may declare war on your stack. 🤓
{
"AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
"Resources": {
"MyS3Bucket": {
"Type": "AWS::S3::Bucket"
}
}
}AWS CLI
The AWS Command Line Interface is the Swiss Army knife for CloudFormation alchemists. This powerful tool lets you summon and control your cloud resources with incantations directly from your terminal—a spellbinding experience for command-line wizards.
aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name my-magical-stack --template-body file://my-cloud-formation-template.jsonInfrastructure as Code (IaC) Tools
Tools like AWS CDK, Terraform, and the Serverless Framework are the Gandalfs of the IaC realm. They bring in the arcane knowledge to conjure up complex environments with a wave of a code wand—no more clicking around in the AWS Console like a mere mortal!
IDE Integrations & Extensions
To avoid the perilous journey through JSON/YAML syntax forests, IDE plugins for VS Code or IntelliJ can be your map and compass. They provide autocompletion, linting, and validation—so you don't end up trapped in the Swamp of Syntax Errors.
Version Control Systems (e.g., Git)
Your CloudFormation templates are akin to sacred texts. Just as ancient scholars preserved their wisdom with meticulous care, you should store your templates in a version control system, granting them the gift of immortality and collaboration.
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) Platforms
To continuously deliver your infrastructure like a pro, platforms like AWS CodePipeline, Jenkins, or GitHub Actions enter the scene. They're like conveyor belts in a factory—transforming your code into live infrastructure at the push of a button.
Linters and Validators
Linters such as cfn-lint and tools like cfn-nag inspect your templates like a meticulous grandma checking for dust. They’ll nag you about best practices and potential slip-ups, making sure your stack stays clean and shiny like a freshly washed cat. 🐱
Testing Frameworks
Testing frameworks for CloudFormation, like TaskCat and aws-cfn-template-flip, are like having a personal gym instructor for your templates. They put your stacks through strenuous workouts, ensuring they’re fit to lift the heavy loads of your infrastructure demands.
Infrastructure Monitoring and Logging
Once your infrastructure is alive, you need to keep an eagle eye on it. Tools like Amazon CloudWatch, AWS Config, and third-party solutions such as DataDog, can be your all-seeing eyes in the sky, monitoring your CloudFormation stacks' every heartbeat.
Custom Resources with AWS Lambda
When CloudFormation can't quite bend to your will, AWS Lambda steps in like a superhero. Custom resources are Lambda functions that can be called by CloudFormation to perform unique tasks—making the impossible possible, one function at a time.
{
"Type" : "AWS::CloudFormation::CustomResource",
"Version" : "1.0",
"Properties" : {
"ServiceToken": "arn:aws:lambda:REGION:ACCOUNT:function:FUNCTION_NAME",
}
}