How statistics are calculated
We count how many offers each candidate received and for what salary. For example, if a Full Stack Web developer with DevOps with a salary of $4,500 received 10 offers, then we would count him 10 times. If there were no offers, then he would not get into the statistics either.
The graph column is the total number of offers. This is not the number of vacancies, but an indicator of the level of demand. The more offers there are, the more companies try to hire such a specialist. 5k+ includes candidates with salaries >= $5,000 and < $5,500.
Median Salary Expectation – the weighted average of the market offer in the selected specialization, that is, the most frequent job offers for the selected specialization received by candidates. We do not count accepted or rejected offers.
Trending Full Stack Web tech & tools in 2024
Full Stack Web
What is a Full-stack Developer?
A Full stack developer is a technician skilled in both front end and back end of a software application. Full-stack developers have thorough knowledge of technologies used to implement features in different components or layers of a software product.
Full-stack Developers should have an understanding of the following:
Presentation Layer
The layer deals with the front end part of the application, i.e., user interfaces
Business Logic Layer
The business logic layer represents the application backend part, for example, the data validation, the messages going from the front end to the back end and vice versa.
Database Layer
This layer deals with the database connectivity with the application’s front end.
So, being a Full-stack developer does not mean you need to be expert in all these technologies; but you should be having an idea of how client as well server side things are working in the technologies that you are using to develop your app.
Business has started in for services called Full-stack development giving up the thought to hire different professionals to develop a software app.
Front End Technologies
As front end technologies are becoming more and more vital in product development, while the speed of demands on digital solutions has been skyrocketed, the world is no longer asking “what?” to analyze if a product was successful or not. Instead, it asks “how did it feel?” to evaluate the same.
Front end technologies are leveraged for the front end part of a software product, by the user. Full-stack developer needs to have clarity regarding what an application should look like and what is the flow of an app.
HTML/CSS
HTML was created for representing web apps and web pages by using an impression called Hypertext Markup Language. CSS was created for representing how HTML events should be shown on the screen by an impression called Cascading Style Sheets. And sometimes CSS can control the layout of multiple web pages at once.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is an responsive, multi-purpose, mobile first CSS framework used to develop websites and web applications. It allows websites to adjust gracefully to fit any screen sizes and devices. This open source tool provides lots of CSS, JavaScript based design templates to facilitate the development by saving developers time of writing codes.
AngularJS
AngularJS, which uses JavaScript, is an open source framework that can overcome many obstacles that present themselves in building single-page applications.
React
React is a JavaScript library for the development of user interfaces, which is fundamentally equipped to offer very good rendering both on the server and on the side of the client.
Backend Technologies
Every software application consists of two sides: frontend and backend. More often than not, the app that you see in front of you is merely a frontend. The rest of it – what enables organized storage of data, robust functioning of the application on client side, etc – is the backend.
Backend is the one that communicates with the front end and transfers information to be displayed on the web app. If you fill out a form in the app, request to buy an item or save an item in your card, front end of the app sends the request to the back end, which fetches that data and returns it.
PHP
This it does, by parsing the incoming request (the query string or the body of the POST request) and executing the specified program, much as any general-purpose programming language would for any such task – such as generating dynamically a page for a website or web app, receiving form data, setting session cookies, etc.
Java
Java is an object-oriented language that runs on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux, MAC and so on. The language can be used as a development environment for mobile app, web app, desktop app, games, database connection , web servers and application servers as well.
Python
Python is a general purpose and interpreted language and used by its developers to design web applications and link to database systems. It is human-friendly because it enables programmers to write less lines of codes with respect to other languages and is similar to English.
.NET
.NET is an open-source cross-platform that is used by developers to create web apps, mobile apps, desktop apps, microservices and gaming apps, and IoT apps. .NET requires the C#, Visual Basic or F# programming language to build apps.
NodeJS
NodeJS is a application that used to create network applications with the ability of scaling. NodeJS is also a javascript runtime that built into an open source, cross-platform server environment capable of running on Linux, Mac OS X, and Unix platform.
Go
It’s an open source Google programming language for development of general-purpose programming language that write a simple and efficient software applications.
Database
It’s pretty exceptional for existing software products to function without having some sort of database to store the actual data. If you’re a Full-stack developer, you should know about at least one or two database systems, and how to talk to it.
MySQL
MySQL is a free RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) that uses SQL to insert, retrieve and manage data stored in the database.
MongoDB
MongoDB is an open-source cross-platform document-oriented database which belongs to a class of databases called NoSQL. It provides high performance, high availability and easy horizontal effortless scalability, The MongoDB coding is performed in C++.
PostgreSQL
An open-source RDBMS is known as PostgreSQL. It can accommodate workloads, from a single machine app to data warehousing or distributed web services, with many concurrent users.
SQL Server
SQL Server is a relational database management system that maintains and retrieves data based on requests made by application software running on the same system, or on a system across the network.
DevOps
The term ‘DevOps’ is a hybrid blend of two words – ‘development’ and ‘operations’ – with a specific interpretation. Used as a set of software development practices, it means uniting development and operations teams to get code into production faster in an automated and repeatable manner.
It helps developers to play their full role in the complete development cycle of any software from design and development to delivery of the same.
It also helps organisations to improve their pace in delivering digital solutions and applications.
A Full-stack developer should understand the DevOps lifecycle and the DevOps process versus traditional process he participated in the development of it.
Understanding of horizontal concerns within the application
Request/Response Tracing
Request/response tracing will allow the developers to see what is happening to a particular request to the software application.
File Storage
A file storage system is a service that stores data stored in files and folders in a hierarchical order. The system retrieving it and the system storing it the same format in which it is presented. A Full-stack developer needs to know different kinds of file storage services such as Google cloud, Microsoft Azure, AWS and other for store the data in specific format.
Security
In developing any type of software, security is the most important thing to make your software application secure and not breaking any security standards. As a Full stack developer you should know about encryption, public and private key cryptography, SHA 128 and decryption etc.
Logging
The technical definition of logging is to record processes, input and output of data and actions, which an application executes. Whenever we develop any software product, we barely think about logging or don’t have any technical knowledge about logging. A core duty of a Full-stack developer is to create log file and store logs in it.
Understanding of Compliances
While developing a software application, different types of data are involved such as personal, financial, audit, transactional, high sensitive. Therefore, identification and grouping of data are the two mandatory activities of software development. Since software-based applications are critical for modern businesses. It’s extremely important to protect the various types of data such as financial and personal data. Finally requirement of the organisation also include the compliances of different regulatory bodies like SEC, ISO and SOC 2.
So, Full-stack developer yourself need to learn about the compliances and regulations.
HIPAA
Full stack developers help to make healthcare apps secure and protect privacy of medical records under HIPAA compliance to safeguard patient information. HIPAA compliance guarantee patient’s right to have access over their medical records. HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act. If you are a Full-stack developer, you must be able to explain how you are going to add HIPAA compliance to your healthcare apps and how you will make it HIPAA compliant.
PCI DSS
PCI DSS is short for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, a suite of regulations that have to be met for maintaining compliance in applications that handle credit card details for the card schemes Visa, Discover, American Express and MasterCard. Consequently, it is obvious that a developer must be familiar with the PCI DSS requirements in order to make a payment app regulated.
FISMA
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) is a compliance framework where a developer can concentrate on implementing computer and network security to support the US Federal Government and its contractors and affiliates. By working towards FISMA standard, the developer will improve security of software.
It is important to understand all the above skills and technologies to become a Full stack developer. LeewayHertz has a team of Full stack developer who can build a digital solution as per client requirements.
Where is DevOps used?
1. Rapid Bug Squashing Adventures
- Gone are the ages of 'buggy' sagas dragging on forever! DevOps swoops in like a superhero, wielding automated pipelines to zap defects faster than a coder can yell "Oops!"
2. Feature Fiesta with Continuous Deployment
- Imagine throwing a non-stop party where software updates are the guests of honor. That's DevOps for you, ensuring the feature fest never ends, with updates smoothly salsa dancing to production.
3. Knightly Ops and Developer Roundtable
- With DevOps, ops folks and devs sit at a roundtable, not in castles far apart. They break bread (and silos) to unify workflows, slay downtime dragons, and toast to resilience.
4. Cloud Conquest
- In this epic quest, DevOps is the trusty steed that carries teams to the cloud castles in the sky. Its magic spells of orchestration conquer sprawling server empires without breaking a sweat.
DevOps Alternatives
Agile Methodology
Agile is an iterative approach to project management and software development that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. By breaking projects into small pieces, Agile helps teams deliver value faster.
// No direct code sample for Agile as it's a methodology not a scripting language.
- Responds well to change
- Improves product quality
- Enhances customer satisfaction
- Requires cultural shift
- Difficult to scale
- Planning can be less predictable
Waterfall Model
The Waterfall model is a linear and sequential approach to software development with distinct goals for each phase of development. Once a phase is completed, you cannot go back.
// Waterfall is not expressed in code, but in phases such as:
1. Requirements
2. Design
3. Implementation
4. Verification
5. Maintenance
- Simple and easy to understand
- Well-organized structure
- Works well for smaller projects
- Not suitable for complex projects
- No working software until late
- Difficult to accommodate changes
Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)
SAFe provides a guide to scaling Agile and Lean practices beyond single teams. It helps larger organizations coordinate, plan, and deliver software.
// SAFe is a set of workflow patterns intended to guide enterprises in scaling lean and agile practices
// Again, not a coding practice, so no code sample.
- Facilitates large team coordination
- Aligns with enterprise goals
- Structured guidance for scaling
- Complex for small teams
- Can be rigid and prescriptive
- Implementation can be costly
Quick Facts about DevOps
DevOps: A Sibling Squabble Turned Family Business
Picture it: Agile had a baby with IT operations. They named it DevOps. Born in 2009, this brainchild of Patrick Debois disrupted the tech world harder than a toddler in a china shop. Poised to mend the eternal feud between coders cranking out features and sysadmins hungry for stability, it was like teaching cats and dogs to tango. Groovy, right?
Continuous Everything - Not Just For Buffets
With DevOps came a buffet of 'continuous' options: integration, delivery, deployment, you name it. The software world gaped as traditions were tossed aside faster than leftovers at a high-stakes poker game. Suddenly, code whizzed from concept to customer quicker than greased lightning, shattering the slow dance of yesteryear's release cycles.
The Automation Jamboree
Ever heard of an assembly line for code? Well, DevOps threw a game night and invited automation tools to play. This wasn't just a tea party; it was a full-blown jamboree where scripts and tools like Jenkins, Puppet, and Ansible became the life of the party. "Automate or perish!" became the industry's party chant.
# Party like a DevOps star - automate deployment using Jenkins!
pipeline {
agent any
stages {
stage('Build') {
steps {
echo 'Building..'
// Building code goes here
}
}
stage('Test') {
steps {
echo 'Testing..'
// Testing code goes here
}
}
stage('Deploy') {
steps {
echo 'Deploying..'
// Deployment magic happens here
}
}
}
}
What is the difference between Junior, Middle, Senior and Expert DevOps developer?
Seniority Name | Years of Experience | Average Salary (USD/year) | Responsibilities & Activities |
---|---|---|---|
Junior DevOps Developer | 0-2 | 50,000 - 70,000 |
|
Middle DevOps Developer | 2-5 | 70,000 - 100,000 |
|
Senior DevOps Developer | 5-10 | 100,000 - 130,000 |
|
Expert/Team Lead DevOps Developer | 10+ | 130,000 - 160,000+ |
|
Top 10 DevOps Related Tech
Git & Version Control Systems
Imagine a world where your code never gets lost, like socks in a laundry. That’s what Git does for developers. It's the magical undo button we all wish we had for life. Just don't push the wrong button or you'll end up with the 'master' disaster.
git commit -m "Added awesome feature"
git push origin masterContainerization with Docker
Containers are like Tupperware for code; they keep it fresh and stop it from interfering with other code. Docker is your kitchen where you can cook up any app environment without burning down the house - unless you forget your ports, then everything's on fire.
docker build -t my-cool-app .
docker run -d -p 80:80 my-cool-appKubernetes
So you've got a boatload of containers and you need an octopus to juggle them? Enter Kubernetes, the container orchestrator that's harder to spell than to use. It's like a game of real-time strategy with your apps, where you're deftly commanding your peons – I mean pods.
kubectl get pods
kubectl deploy my-super-appContinuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)
Ever wished you could clone yourself to do more work? CI/CD is the next best thing for your code. Tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI, and GitHub Actions help automagically test and deploy your code like a conveyor belt sushi restaurant – but for software releases.
pipeline {
agent any
stages {
stage('Build') {
steps {
sh 'make'
}
}
}
}Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
Remember playing with LEGO? Terraform and Ansible let you build server infrastructure by snapping blocks of code together instead of physical bricks – and no foot injuries when stepping on them! Configure and version your cloud environment as if it's Minecraft.
resource "aws_instance" "my_instance" {
ami = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
instance_type = "t2.micro"
}Monitoring and Logging
Ever feel like Big Brother watching your systems? That's Prometheus and Grafana in the DevOps world. They keep tabs on your apps, ensuring they're behaving. And if they're not, you'll know about it faster than a gossip in a small town.
metrics_path: '/metrics'
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9090']Cloud Service Providers
If your app's server was a house, the cloud would be a colossal apartment complex that you rent space in. Providers like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud offer a rooftop infinity pool experience for your apps with scalability options as expansive as the city skyline.
aws s3 cp myapp.zip s3://my-deployment-bucket/
Configuration Management
Imagine a world where your configurations are like well-trained pets. Meet Chef, Puppet, and SaltStack, which are like the digital whisperers that keep your server configurations in line - so you don't come home to a chewed-up infrastructure.
package 'nginx'
service 'nginx' do
action [:enable, :start]
endScripting Languages
Scripts are the Swiss Army knives in a DevOps professional’s belt. Learning languages like Python, Bash, and Ruby is like unlocking wizard spells; you'll automate tasks and conjure up scripts, charming servers to do your bidding.
#!/bin/bash
echo "Hello, magical world of automation!"Security Best Practices
It’s a digital Wild West, and security is your six-shooter. Understanding principles like the OWASP Top 10 is as important as knowing the difference between a click and a bang. Keep your apps locked up tighter than an ancient treasure.
# Secure SSH Configuration
PermitRootLogin no
PasswordAuthentication no