How statistics are calculated
We count how many offers each candidate received and for what salary. For example, if a Full Stack Web developer with PostgreSQL with a salary of $4,500 received 10 offers, then we would count him 10 times. If there were no offers, then he would not get into the statistics either.
The graph column is the total number of offers. This is not the number of vacancies, but an indicator of the level of demand. The more offers there are, the more companies try to hire such a specialist. 5k+ includes candidates with salaries >= $5,000 and < $5,500.
Median Salary Expectation – the weighted average of the market offer in the selected specialization, that is, the most frequent job offers for the selected specialization received by candidates. We do not count accepted or rejected offers.
Trending Full Stack Web tech & tools in 2024
Full Stack Web
What is a Full-stack Developer?
A Full stack developer is a technician skilled in both front end and back end of a software application. Full-stack developers have thorough knowledge of technologies used to implement features in different components or layers of a software product.
Full-stack Developers should have an understanding of the following:
Presentation Layer
The layer deals with the front end part of the application, i.e., user interfaces
Business Logic Layer
The business logic layer represents the application backend part, for example, the data validation, the messages going from the front end to the back end and vice versa.
Database Layer
This layer deals with the database connectivity with the application’s front end.
So, being a Full-stack developer does not mean you need to be expert in all these technologies; but you should be having an idea of how client as well server side things are working in the technologies that you are using to develop your app.
Business has started in for services called Full-stack development giving up the thought to hire different professionals to develop a software app.
Front End Technologies
As front end technologies are becoming more and more vital in product development, while the speed of demands on digital solutions has been skyrocketed, the world is no longer asking “what?” to analyze if a product was successful or not. Instead, it asks “how did it feel?” to evaluate the same.
Front end technologies are leveraged for the front end part of a software product, by the user. Full-stack developer needs to have clarity regarding what an application should look like and what is the flow of an app.
HTML/CSS
HTML was created for representing web apps and web pages by using an impression called Hypertext Markup Language. CSS was created for representing how HTML events should be shown on the screen by an impression called Cascading Style Sheets. And sometimes CSS can control the layout of multiple web pages at once.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is an responsive, multi-purpose, mobile first CSS framework used to develop websites and web applications. It allows websites to adjust gracefully to fit any screen sizes and devices. This open source tool provides lots of CSS, JavaScript based design templates to facilitate the development by saving developers time of writing codes.
AngularJS
AngularJS, which uses JavaScript, is an open source framework that can overcome many obstacles that present themselves in building single-page applications.
React
React is a JavaScript library for the development of user interfaces, which is fundamentally equipped to offer very good rendering both on the server and on the side of the client.
Backend Technologies
Every software application consists of two sides: frontend and backend. More often than not, the app that you see in front of you is merely a frontend. The rest of it – what enables organized storage of data, robust functioning of the application on client side, etc – is the backend.
Backend is the one that communicates with the front end and transfers information to be displayed on the web app. If you fill out a form in the app, request to buy an item or save an item in your card, front end of the app sends the request to the back end, which fetches that data and returns it.
PHP
This it does, by parsing the incoming request (the query string or the body of the POST request) and executing the specified program, much as any general-purpose programming language would for any such task – such as generating dynamically a page for a website or web app, receiving form data, setting session cookies, etc.
Java
Java is an object-oriented language that runs on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux, MAC and so on. The language can be used as a development environment for mobile app, web app, desktop app, games, database connection , web servers and application servers as well.
Python
Python is a general purpose and interpreted language and used by its developers to design web applications and link to database systems. It is human-friendly because it enables programmers to write less lines of codes with respect to other languages and is similar to English.
.NET
.NET is an open-source cross-platform that is used by developers to create web apps, mobile apps, desktop apps, microservices and gaming apps, and IoT apps. .NET requires the C#, Visual Basic or F# programming language to build apps.
NodeJS
NodeJS is a application that used to create network applications with the ability of scaling. NodeJS is also a javascript runtime that built into an open source, cross-platform server environment capable of running on Linux, Mac OS X, and Unix platform.
Go
It’s an open source Google programming language for development of general-purpose programming language that write a simple and efficient software applications.
Database
It’s pretty exceptional for existing software products to function without having some sort of database to store the actual data. If you’re a Full-stack developer, you should know about at least one or two database systems, and how to talk to it.
MySQL
MySQL is a free RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) that uses SQL to insert, retrieve and manage data stored in the database.
MongoDB
MongoDB is an open-source cross-platform document-oriented database which belongs to a class of databases called NoSQL. It provides high performance, high availability and easy horizontal effortless scalability, The MongoDB coding is performed in C++.
PostgreSQL
An open-source RDBMS is known as PostgreSQL. It can accommodate workloads, from a single machine app to data warehousing or distributed web services, with many concurrent users.
SQL Server
SQL Server is a relational database management system that maintains and retrieves data based on requests made by application software running on the same system, or on a system across the network.
DevOps
The term ‘DevOps’ is a hybrid blend of two words – ‘development’ and ‘operations’ – with a specific interpretation. Used as a set of software development practices, it means uniting development and operations teams to get code into production faster in an automated and repeatable manner.
It helps developers to play their full role in the complete development cycle of any software from design and development to delivery of the same.
It also helps organisations to improve their pace in delivering digital solutions and applications.
A Full-stack developer should understand the DevOps lifecycle and the DevOps process versus traditional process he participated in the development of it.
Understanding of horizontal concerns within the application
Request/Response Tracing
Request/response tracing will allow the developers to see what is happening to a particular request to the software application.
File Storage
A file storage system is a service that stores data stored in files and folders in a hierarchical order. The system retrieving it and the system storing it the same format in which it is presented. A Full-stack developer needs to know different kinds of file storage services such as Google cloud, Microsoft Azure, AWS and other for store the data in specific format.
Security
In developing any type of software, security is the most important thing to make your software application secure and not breaking any security standards. As a Full stack developer you should know about encryption, public and private key cryptography, SHA 128 and decryption etc.
Logging
The technical definition of logging is to record processes, input and output of data and actions, which an application executes. Whenever we develop any software product, we barely think about logging or don’t have any technical knowledge about logging. A core duty of a Full-stack developer is to create log file and store logs in it.
Understanding of Compliances
While developing a software application, different types of data are involved such as personal, financial, audit, transactional, high sensitive. Therefore, identification and grouping of data are the two mandatory activities of software development. Since software-based applications are critical for modern businesses. It’s extremely important to protect the various types of data such as financial and personal data. Finally requirement of the organisation also include the compliances of different regulatory bodies like SEC, ISO and SOC 2.
So, Full-stack developer yourself need to learn about the compliances and regulations.
HIPAA
Full stack developers help to make healthcare apps secure and protect privacy of medical records under HIPAA compliance to safeguard patient information. HIPAA compliance guarantee patient’s right to have access over their medical records. HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act. If you are a Full-stack developer, you must be able to explain how you are going to add HIPAA compliance to your healthcare apps and how you will make it HIPAA compliant.
PCI DSS
PCI DSS is short for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, a suite of regulations that have to be met for maintaining compliance in applications that handle credit card details for the card schemes Visa, Discover, American Express and MasterCard. Consequently, it is obvious that a developer must be familiar with the PCI DSS requirements in order to make a payment app regulated.
FISMA
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) is a compliance framework where a developer can concentrate on implementing computer and network security to support the US Federal Government and its contractors and affiliates. By working towards FISMA standard, the developer will improve security of software.
It is important to understand all the above skills and technologies to become a Full stack developer. LeewayHertz has a team of Full stack developer who can build a digital solution as per client requirements.
Where is PostgreSQL used?
The Hidden Prowess of PostgreSQL
- Under the hood of your favorite Insta-food pics, PostgreSQL is the chef curating and serving your feed without a hiccup.
- Got a retail therapy bot? Thank Postgres for not buying 12 pairs of socks when you just wanted one.
- In the gaming realm, Postgres is the stealthy NPC keeping score while you're out there claiming virtual glory.
- Imagine the world's biggest library with a grumpy librarian; that's PostgreSQL in charge of healthcare records, except it never shushes you.
PostgreSQL Alternatives
MySQL
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system. It's known for its ease of use and speed, and it's often used for web applications.
- Widely used and supported
- Flexible and easy to set up
- Performs well in web applications
- Limited functionalities compared to PostgreSQL
- Less advanced security features
- Performance can degrade with complex queries
-- MySQL
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25;
-- PostgreSQL
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25;
MongoDB
MongoDB is a NoSQL database that stores data in JSON-like documents. It excels in applications that need quick iteration and flexible data models.
- Highly scalable
- Flexible document schemas
- Agile and developer-friendly
- Transactions are less robust than SQL
- Joins and complex queries can be challenging
- Data consistency can be an issue
// MongoDB
db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 25 } });
// PostgreSQL
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25;
SQLite
SQLite is a self-contained, serverless, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database engine. It's perfect for mobile and lightweight applications.
- Lightweight and self-contained
- Zero-configuration necessary
- Good for embedded applications
- Not suited for high concurrency
- Lacks advanced features
- Write operations are serialized
-- SQLite
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25;
-- PostgreSQL
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 25;
Quick Facts about PostgreSQL
Back in Time: PostgreSQL’s Baby Steps
Imagine it’s 1986, and the computer world is buzzing with neon leg warmers and side-ponytails. Michael Stonebraker, a dude with a vision from the University of California at Berkeley, kicks off the PostgreSQL journey with a project named POSTGRES. This project was meant to evolve the groundbreaking Ingres database into something even cooler, like trading in a Walkman for an iPod.
From SQL Whispers to Roars
By 1995, POSTGRES was teaching itself a new trick: speaking SQL. Yes, that's like learning French in Paris! The addition of SQL transformed POSTGRES into PostgreSQL, giving it a language everyone at the data party understands. It's like going from using Morse code to hosting a slick podcast.
Shapeshifting Through Versions: The PostgreSQL Chameleon
PostgreSQL has been through more costume changes than a pop star. From the vintage 6.0 release in 1997, which was like the 8-track tape of databases, to the fresh-as-avocado-toast PostgreSQL 14 in 2021, PostgreSQL is the Madonna of databases. With each release, it struts out new features like data types faster than a quick-change act!
// Let's say it's the '90s and you're adding 'Hello World' to your database:
INSERT INTO table_of_cool (message) VALUES ('Hello World');
What is the difference between Junior, Middle, Senior and Expert PostgreSQL developer?
Seniority Name | Years of Experience | Average Salary (USD/year) | Responsibilities & Activities |
---|---|---|---|
Junior PostgreSQL Developer | 0-2 | 50,000-70,000 |
|
Middle PostgreSQL Developer | 2-5 | 70,000-100,000 |
|
Senior PostgreSQL Developer | 5-10 | 100,000-130,000 |
|
Expert/Team Lead PostgreSQL Developer | 10+ | 130,000+ |
|
Top 10 PostgreSQL Related Tech
SQL Prowess: "Speak the 'Postgres' Lingo"
Every PostgreSQL developer must be fluent in the native tongue of databases: SQL (Structured Query Language). It's like the Esperanto for data manipulation and retrieval – a must-have in your polyglot programming utility belt. You ought to know how to craft queries that can summon data like magical incantations – from simple SELECT statements to complex JOIN operations capable of bending relations to your will.
SELECT name, job_title FROM wizards WHERE wand_power > 9000;PL/pgSQL: "Postgres' Secret Spellbook"
PL/pgSQL stands for Procedural Language/PostgreSQL SQL, the go-to tool for enchanting PostgreSQL with business logic directly in the database through user-defined functions and stored procedures. Think of it as writing little data-manipulating wizards locked up in your database, ready to perform complex tasks on your command.
CREATE FUNCTION raise_hp(target_id INT, hp_boost INT) RETURNS VOID AS $$
BEGIN
UPDATE adventurers SET hp = hp + hp_boost WHERE id = target_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;pgAdmin: "The Crystal Ball of PostgreSQL"
pgAdmin is like the trusty sidekick for every database sorcerer, a graphical interface to gaze into the depths of your PostgreSQL databases. Through this mystical pane, you can poke around your data, run spells...err...queries, and maintain the health of your database realms without whispering a single command line incantation.
PostGIS: "The Cartographer's Tool"
For those who need to navigate the mystical lands of geospatial data, PostGIS is the compass that turns PostgreSQL into a spatial database with superpowers. It allows you to conjure up location-based queries and build maps that can reveal hidden patterns like a treasure map x-marks-the-spot.
pgBouncer: "The Bouncer at the Data Tavern"
pgBouncer stands guard at the entrance to your database, managing the flow of client connections like a burly doorman at a club. It maintains a pool of connections so your database doesn't get trampled by overzealous application servers trying to party all at once.
pgBackRest: "The Keeper of the Scrolls"
No quest is without risk, and losing your data is akin to letting the evil lord win. pgBackRest is your guardian, ensuring you can always resurrect your data kingdom with backup and restore abilities so powerful they feel like time travel.
Patroni: "The Database Watchtower"
Patroni stands vigilant, ensuring your PostgreSQL deployment's high availability. It's like having a wise old wizard perched atop the tallest tower, ready to cast failover spells and switch masters like a pro if the current one kicks the cauldron.
Logical Replication: "The Copycat Charm"
Logical replication allows for copying selected data from one database to another – think of it as creating a clone army of your data. This selective replication is like having doppelgangers for your data that can take up arms in another castle if the fort is about to fall.
PEM (PostgreSQL Enterprise Manager): "The Overseer's Gaze"
The PostgreSQL Enterprise Manager is like the Eye of Sauron for your databases (but in a less malevolent way). It provides a bird's-eye view of your database landscape, monitoring performance, and alerting you to potential disturbances in the force…err…performance metrics.
Python and psycopg2: "The Alchemist's Mix"
Mixing Python with psycopg2 is like the alchemy of database interaction. Python's versatility combined with psycopg2's PostgreSQL-specific features let you transmute your queries and data into golden applications with ease.
import psycopg2
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=spellbook user=magician")
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM potions WHERE effectiveness > 90")
potent_potions = cur.fetchall()