How statistics are calculated
We count how many offers each candidate received and for what salary. For example, if a Full Stack Web developer with PHP with a salary of $4,500 received 10 offers, then we would count him 10 times. If there were no offers, then he would not get into the statistics either.
The graph column is the total number of offers. This is not the number of vacancies, but an indicator of the level of demand. The more offers there are, the more companies try to hire such a specialist. 5k+ includes candidates with salaries >= $5,000 and < $5,500.
Median Salary Expectation – the weighted average of the market offer in the selected specialization, that is, the most frequent job offers for the selected specialization received by candidates. We do not count accepted or rejected offers.
Trending Full Stack Web tech & tools in 2024
Full Stack Web
What is a Full-stack Developer?
A Full stack developer is a technician skilled in both front end and back end of a software application. Full-stack developers have thorough knowledge of technologies used to implement features in different components or layers of a software product.
Full-stack Developers should have an understanding of the following:
Presentation Layer
The layer deals with the front end part of the application, i.e., user interfaces
Business Logic Layer
The business logic layer represents the application backend part, for example, the data validation, the messages going from the front end to the back end and vice versa.
Database Layer
This layer deals with the database connectivity with the application’s front end.
So, being a Full-stack developer does not mean you need to be expert in all these technologies; but you should be having an idea of how client as well server side things are working in the technologies that you are using to develop your app.
Business has started in for services called Full-stack development giving up the thought to hire different professionals to develop a software app.
Front End Technologies
As front end technologies are becoming more and more vital in product development, while the speed of demands on digital solutions has been skyrocketed, the world is no longer asking “what?” to analyze if a product was successful or not. Instead, it asks “how did it feel?” to evaluate the same.
Front end technologies are leveraged for the front end part of a software product, by the user. Full-stack developer needs to have clarity regarding what an application should look like and what is the flow of an app.
HTML/CSS
HTML was created for representing web apps and web pages by using an impression called Hypertext Markup Language. CSS was created for representing how HTML events should be shown on the screen by an impression called Cascading Style Sheets. And sometimes CSS can control the layout of multiple web pages at once.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is an responsive, multi-purpose, mobile first CSS framework used to develop websites and web applications. It allows websites to adjust gracefully to fit any screen sizes and devices. This open source tool provides lots of CSS, JavaScript based design templates to facilitate the development by saving developers time of writing codes.
AngularJS
AngularJS, which uses JavaScript, is an open source framework that can overcome many obstacles that present themselves in building single-page applications.
React
React is a JavaScript library for the development of user interfaces, which is fundamentally equipped to offer very good rendering both on the server and on the side of the client.
Backend Technologies
Every software application consists of two sides: frontend and backend. More often than not, the app that you see in front of you is merely a frontend. The rest of it – what enables organized storage of data, robust functioning of the application on client side, etc – is the backend.
Backend is the one that communicates with the front end and transfers information to be displayed on the web app. If you fill out a form in the app, request to buy an item or save an item in your card, front end of the app sends the request to the back end, which fetches that data and returns it.
PHP
This it does, by parsing the incoming request (the query string or the body of the POST request) and executing the specified program, much as any general-purpose programming language would for any such task – such as generating dynamically a page for a website or web app, receiving form data, setting session cookies, etc.
Java
Java is an object-oriented language that runs on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux, MAC and so on. The language can be used as a development environment for mobile app, web app, desktop app, games, database connection , web servers and application servers as well.
Python
Python is a general purpose and interpreted language and used by its developers to design web applications and link to database systems. It is human-friendly because it enables programmers to write less lines of codes with respect to other languages and is similar to English.
.NET
.NET is an open-source cross-platform that is used by developers to create web apps, mobile apps, desktop apps, microservices and gaming apps, and IoT apps. .NET requires the C#, Visual Basic or F# programming language to build apps.
NodeJS
NodeJS is a application that used to create network applications with the ability of scaling. NodeJS is also a javascript runtime that built into an open source, cross-platform server environment capable of running on Linux, Mac OS X, and Unix platform.
Go
It’s an open source Google programming language for development of general-purpose programming language that write a simple and efficient software applications.
Database
It’s pretty exceptional for existing software products to function without having some sort of database to store the actual data. If you’re a Full-stack developer, you should know about at least one or two database systems, and how to talk to it.
MySQL
MySQL is a free RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) that uses SQL to insert, retrieve and manage data stored in the database.
MongoDB
MongoDB is an open-source cross-platform document-oriented database which belongs to a class of databases called NoSQL. It provides high performance, high availability and easy horizontal effortless scalability, The MongoDB coding is performed in C++.
PostgreSQL
An open-source RDBMS is known as PostgreSQL. It can accommodate workloads, from a single machine app to data warehousing or distributed web services, with many concurrent users.
SQL Server
SQL Server is a relational database management system that maintains and retrieves data based on requests made by application software running on the same system, or on a system across the network.
DevOps
The term ‘DevOps’ is a hybrid blend of two words – ‘development’ and ‘operations’ – with a specific interpretation. Used as a set of software development practices, it means uniting development and operations teams to get code into production faster in an automated and repeatable manner.
It helps developers to play their full role in the complete development cycle of any software from design and development to delivery of the same.
It also helps organisations to improve their pace in delivering digital solutions and applications.
A Full-stack developer should understand the DevOps lifecycle and the DevOps process versus traditional process he participated in the development of it.
Understanding of horizontal concerns within the application
Request/Response Tracing
Request/response tracing will allow the developers to see what is happening to a particular request to the software application.
File Storage
A file storage system is a service that stores data stored in files and folders in a hierarchical order. The system retrieving it and the system storing it the same format in which it is presented. A Full-stack developer needs to know different kinds of file storage services such as Google cloud, Microsoft Azure, AWS and other for store the data in specific format.
Security
In developing any type of software, security is the most important thing to make your software application secure and not breaking any security standards. As a Full stack developer you should know about encryption, public and private key cryptography, SHA 128 and decryption etc.
Logging
The technical definition of logging is to record processes, input and output of data and actions, which an application executes. Whenever we develop any software product, we barely think about logging or don’t have any technical knowledge about logging. A core duty of a Full-stack developer is to create log file and store logs in it.
Understanding of Compliances
While developing a software application, different types of data are involved such as personal, financial, audit, transactional, high sensitive. Therefore, identification and grouping of data are the two mandatory activities of software development. Since software-based applications are critical for modern businesses. It’s extremely important to protect the various types of data such as financial and personal data. Finally requirement of the organisation also include the compliances of different regulatory bodies like SEC, ISO and SOC 2.
So, Full-stack developer yourself need to learn about the compliances and regulations.
HIPAA
Full stack developers help to make healthcare apps secure and protect privacy of medical records under HIPAA compliance to safeguard patient information. HIPAA compliance guarantee patient’s right to have access over their medical records. HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act. If you are a Full-stack developer, you must be able to explain how you are going to add HIPAA compliance to your healthcare apps and how you will make it HIPAA compliant.
PCI DSS
PCI DSS is short for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, a suite of regulations that have to be met for maintaining compliance in applications that handle credit card details for the card schemes Visa, Discover, American Express and MasterCard. Consequently, it is obvious that a developer must be familiar with the PCI DSS requirements in order to make a payment app regulated.
FISMA
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) is a compliance framework where a developer can concentrate on implementing computer and network security to support the US Federal Government and its contractors and affiliates. By working towards FISMA standard, the developer will improve security of software.
It is important to understand all the above skills and technologies to become a Full stack developer. LeewayHertz has a team of Full stack developer who can build a digital solution as per client requirements.
Where is PHP used?
WordPress: The Website Warlock
- Once upon a byte, PHP conjured WordPress, the magical platform where websites spring to life with a couple of clicks.
Facebook: The Social Spellcaster
- Believe it or not, the social giant Facebook began its journey swiping right to PHP, casting status and friend request spells.
MailChimp: The Email Enchanter
- In the mystical land of email marketing, PHP brews the potion of communication in the cauldrons of MailChimp.
Wikipedia: The Digital Oracle
- Guardian of knowledge, Wikipedia, trusts PHP to uphold its vast library of secrets, always ready for your curious incantations.
PHP Alternatives
Node.js
Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment that allows developers to execute JavaScript code server-side, making it possible to use JavaScript for full-stack development.
// Simple Node.js server
const http = require('http');
const hostname = '127.0.0.1';
const port = 3000;
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
res.statusCode = 200;
res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain');
res.end('Hello World\n');
});
server.listen(port, hostname, () => {
console.log(`Server running at http://${hostname}:${port}/`);
});
- Non-blocking I/O enables high throughput
- Unified programming language (JavaScript) for client and server side
- Vast npm ecosystem with numerous packages
- Callback-heavy "hell" can lead to complex code
- Heavy computational tasks can block the event loop
- API is not as stable as in more mature back-end languages
Python with Django
Django is a high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. It's known for its ease of use and a "batteries-included" philosophy.
# Simple Django view
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")
- High-level framework streamlines web development
- Strong emphasis on reusability and "pluggability" of components
- ORM for database abstraction
- Can be slower for performance-intensive tasks
- Monolithic framework can be overkill for small projects
- URL routing can be tricky for beginners
Ruby on Rails
Ruby on Rails, or just Rails, is a server-side web application framework written in Ruby under the MIT License. Rails is a model-view-controller (MVC) framework, providing default structures for a database, a web service, and web pages.
# Simple Rails controller
class WelcomeController < ApplicationController
def index
render html: "Hello, world!"
end
end
- Convention over configuration reduces setup time
- Integrated testing tools enhance reliability
- Active community and gem ecosystem
- Can be seen as too magical for beginners
- Boot speed and runtime performance may be slower
- Less favorable for microservice architecture
Quick Facts about PHP
PHP: A Scripting Saga Begins
Picture it: 1994, the interwebs were still a gangly teenager, and along comes Rasmus Lerdorf. This guy wasn't planning to change the digital world, mind you — he just wanted to track visits to his online resume (talk about self-promotion!). Thus, he birthed "Personal Home Page/Forms Interpreter" or PHP/FI. Who knew that his little script baby would grow up to power a huge chunk of the web, including a juggernaut we call Facebook?
Version Schmersion: PHP Evolves
Fast forward a bit, and PHP's hitting version milestones faster than a toddler learns new words. PHP 3 comes out in 1997, and suddenly everyone's like, "Wait, we can use this for serious stuff?" Then the pivotal PHP 4 arrives in 2000 with the Zend Engine strapped to its back, giving it a nitro boost in speed and reliability. The weird part? Each major version seems to hang around longer than those leftovers in the back of your fridge. I'm looking at you, PHP 5.
From Rasmus with Love: PHP's Handy Gift to Coders
<?php
// PHP letting you slip in and out of HTML like a ninja
echo "<p>Hello, sneakily embedded code!</p>";
?>
This right here is a slice of PHP's party trick — seamlessly jumping in and out of HTML. Early on, Rasmus gifted programmers something akin to a Swiss Army knife in web development. You could churn out dynamic web pages without breaking a sweat. Crank out an echo statement here, mix in some HTML there, and voilà! You've got yourself a website that does the cha-cha.
What is the difference between Junior, Middle, Senior and Expert PHP developer?
Seniority Name | Years of Experience | Average Salary (USD/year) | Responsibilities & Activities |
---|---|---|---|
Junior PHP Developer | 0-2 | $40,000 - $60,000 |
|
Middle PHP Developer | 2-4 | $60,000 - $80,000 |
|
Senior PHP Developer | 4-6 | $80,000 - $110,000 |
|
Expert/Team Lead | 6+ | $110,000+ |
|
Top 10 PHP Related Tech
Plain Old PHP
Kicking it off with the grandmaster of backend shenanigans, PHP itself. It's like that old pair of jeans you can’t seem to throw out – it always gets the job done, even if it's not the flashiest in the drawer. PHP continues its reign by powering a substantial chunk of the web, including that one site you swear you only use for cat videos. Remember, semicolons are your best pals here; forget them, and your code will throw more tantrums than a toddler denied candy.
<?php
echo "Hello, World!";
?>
Laravel
Laravel is like a Swiss Army knife for web developers – a tool that’s ready to save the day when you need elegant solutions to complex problems. It's a full-stack framework that brings PHP development into the modern age with an expressive syntax that's music to a coder's ears. Plus, it's got your back with built-in features for security, mail, and even broadcasting events. Artisan Console is its trusty sidekick, automating your repetitive tasks so you can instead focus on inventing a coffee cup that never lets your drink go cold.
Route::get('/', function () {
return view('welcome');
});
Composer
Composer is the magical package manager for PHP that will manage your project's dependencies so you don't have to. Think of it as a personal shopping assistant that not only knows exactly what your project craves but also remembers to check for updates at the checkout. It'll pull in all the necessary libraries while you kick back and bask in the glory of optimized autoloaders.
composer require vendor/package
Symfony
Step aside, Marvel Cinematic Universe; the real hero in town is Symfony with its collection of reusable PHP components. This framework is all the rage for developers who like to mix and match – delivering a tailored experience for your web project. Batten down the hatches and prepare for a stampede of features including Twig, a templating engine so sleek, your HTML will be donning a tuxedo.
$this->render('hello.html.twig', ['name' => 'Fabien']);
PHPUnit
They say you should never trust a skinny chef or an untested application. PHPUnit is like your code’s personal fitness trainer, pushing it to the limits and ensuring your PHP muscles flex without a glitch in sight. Write tests to catch those sneaky bugs before they catch you because debugging at 3 AM is as fun as stepping on LEGOs without shoes.
class StackTest extends TestCase
{
public function testPushAndPop()
{
// Your test code here
}
}
Xdebug
Xdebug is the Sherlock Holmes of PHP debugging, giving you the eagle eyes to spot the 'whodunnits' in your code. This powerful extension allows you to step through your code meticulously, like a cat stalking its laser-pointed prey, and unearth the most elusive of bugs like a truffle pig in a French orchard.PHPStorm
Forget Thor's hammer or Wonder Woman's lasso – PHPStorm is the ultimate weapon for PHP developers. It's an IDE that understands your code better than you understand the plot of "Inception." Autocomplete, refactoring, and a debug mode so potent, you may find yourself developing feelings of affection towards your IDE.Git
Git is not strictly PHP, but that doesn't stop it from being the time-traveling DeLorean for your code. This version control system lets you hop between different versions of your project faster than Marty McFly can say "Great Scott!" Your "oopsie-daisy" moments just turned into "no problemo!" with the ability to branch, merge, and commit faster than a speeding bullet.
git commit -m "Fixed the flux capacitor"
APIs Galore
Need to fetch data like a golden retriever after a tennis ball? APIs are your best buddy. Guzzle – an extensible PHP HTTP client – makes sending requests and wrangling responses as joyful as a walk in the park. Pair it with RESTful APIs, and you'll be exchanging data like Pokémon cards in a schoolyard.Docker
Docker is like the Tupperware for your app – a container system that keeps everything neat, tidy, and fresh. No more "works on my machine" excuses! Package up your environment into neat little containers that can be shipped and run anywhere, from the tempestuous seas of testing to the tranquil waters of production.