How statistics are calculated
We count how many offers each candidate received and for what salary. For example, if a Full Stack Web developer with Node.js with a salary of $4,500 received 10 offers, then we would count him 10 times. If there were no offers, then he would not get into the statistics either.
The graph column is the total number of offers. This is not the number of vacancies, but an indicator of the level of demand. The more offers there are, the more companies try to hire such a specialist. 5k+ includes candidates with salaries >= $5,000 and < $5,500.
Median Salary Expectation – the weighted average of the market offer in the selected specialization, that is, the most frequent job offers for the selected specialization received by candidates. We do not count accepted or rejected offers.
Trending Full Stack Web tech & tools in 2024
Full Stack Web
What is a Full-stack Developer?
A Full stack developer is a technician skilled in both front end and back end of a software application. Full-stack developers have thorough knowledge of technologies used to implement features in different components or layers of a software product.
Full-stack Developers should have an understanding of the following:
Presentation Layer
The layer deals with the front end part of the application, i.e., user interfaces
Business Logic Layer
The business logic layer represents the application backend part, for example, the data validation, the messages going from the front end to the back end and vice versa.
Database Layer
This layer deals with the database connectivity with the application’s front end.
So, being a Full-stack developer does not mean you need to be expert in all these technologies; but you should be having an idea of how client as well server side things are working in the technologies that you are using to develop your app.
Business has started in for services called Full-stack development giving up the thought to hire different professionals to develop a software app.
Front End Technologies
As front end technologies are becoming more and more vital in product development, while the speed of demands on digital solutions has been skyrocketed, the world is no longer asking “what?” to analyze if a product was successful or not. Instead, it asks “how did it feel?” to evaluate the same.
Front end technologies are leveraged for the front end part of a software product, by the user. Full-stack developer needs to have clarity regarding what an application should look like and what is the flow of an app.
HTML/CSS
HTML was created for representing web apps and web pages by using an impression called Hypertext Markup Language. CSS was created for representing how HTML events should be shown on the screen by an impression called Cascading Style Sheets. And sometimes CSS can control the layout of multiple web pages at once.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is an responsive, multi-purpose, mobile first CSS framework used to develop websites and web applications. It allows websites to adjust gracefully to fit any screen sizes and devices. This open source tool provides lots of CSS, JavaScript based design templates to facilitate the development by saving developers time of writing codes.
AngularJS
AngularJS, which uses JavaScript, is an open source framework that can overcome many obstacles that present themselves in building single-page applications.
React
React is a JavaScript library for the development of user interfaces, which is fundamentally equipped to offer very good rendering both on the server and on the side of the client.
Backend Technologies
Every software application consists of two sides: frontend and backend. More often than not, the app that you see in front of you is merely a frontend. The rest of it – what enables organized storage of data, robust functioning of the application on client side, etc – is the backend.
Backend is the one that communicates with the front end and transfers information to be displayed on the web app. If you fill out a form in the app, request to buy an item or save an item in your card, front end of the app sends the request to the back end, which fetches that data and returns it.
PHP
This it does, by parsing the incoming request (the query string or the body of the POST request) and executing the specified program, much as any general-purpose programming language would for any such task – such as generating dynamically a page for a website or web app, receiving form data, setting session cookies, etc.
Java
Java is an object-oriented language that runs on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux, MAC and so on. The language can be used as a development environment for mobile app, web app, desktop app, games, database connection , web servers and application servers as well.
Python
Python is a general purpose and interpreted language and used by its developers to design web applications and link to database systems. It is human-friendly because it enables programmers to write less lines of codes with respect to other languages and is similar to English.
.NET
.NET is an open-source cross-platform that is used by developers to create web apps, mobile apps, desktop apps, microservices and gaming apps, and IoT apps. .NET requires the C#, Visual Basic or F# programming language to build apps.
NodeJS
NodeJS is a application that used to create network applications with the ability of scaling. NodeJS is also a javascript runtime that built into an open source, cross-platform server environment capable of running on Linux, Mac OS X, and Unix platform.
Go
It’s an open source Google programming language for development of general-purpose programming language that write a simple and efficient software applications.
Database
It’s pretty exceptional for existing software products to function without having some sort of database to store the actual data. If you’re a Full-stack developer, you should know about at least one or two database systems, and how to talk to it.
MySQL
MySQL is a free RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) that uses SQL to insert, retrieve and manage data stored in the database.
MongoDB
MongoDB is an open-source cross-platform document-oriented database which belongs to a class of databases called NoSQL. It provides high performance, high availability and easy horizontal effortless scalability, The MongoDB coding is performed in C++.
PostgreSQL
An open-source RDBMS is known as PostgreSQL. It can accommodate workloads, from a single machine app to data warehousing or distributed web services, with many concurrent users.
SQL Server
SQL Server is a relational database management system that maintains and retrieves data based on requests made by application software running on the same system, or on a system across the network.
DevOps
The term ‘DevOps’ is a hybrid blend of two words – ‘development’ and ‘operations’ – with a specific interpretation. Used as a set of software development practices, it means uniting development and operations teams to get code into production faster in an automated and repeatable manner.
It helps developers to play their full role in the complete development cycle of any software from design and development to delivery of the same.
It also helps organisations to improve their pace in delivering digital solutions and applications.
A Full-stack developer should understand the DevOps lifecycle and the DevOps process versus traditional process he participated in the development of it.
Understanding of horizontal concerns within the application
Request/Response Tracing
Request/response tracing will allow the developers to see what is happening to a particular request to the software application.
File Storage
A file storage system is a service that stores data stored in files and folders in a hierarchical order. The system retrieving it and the system storing it the same format in which it is presented. A Full-stack developer needs to know different kinds of file storage services such as Google cloud, Microsoft Azure, AWS and other for store the data in specific format.
Security
In developing any type of software, security is the most important thing to make your software application secure and not breaking any security standards. As a Full stack developer you should know about encryption, public and private key cryptography, SHA 128 and decryption etc.
Logging
The technical definition of logging is to record processes, input and output of data and actions, which an application executes. Whenever we develop any software product, we barely think about logging or don’t have any technical knowledge about logging. A core duty of a Full-stack developer is to create log file and store logs in it.
Understanding of Compliances
While developing a software application, different types of data are involved such as personal, financial, audit, transactional, high sensitive. Therefore, identification and grouping of data are the two mandatory activities of software development. Since software-based applications are critical for modern businesses. It’s extremely important to protect the various types of data such as financial and personal data. Finally requirement of the organisation also include the compliances of different regulatory bodies like SEC, ISO and SOC 2.
So, Full-stack developer yourself need to learn about the compliances and regulations.
HIPAA
Full stack developers help to make healthcare apps secure and protect privacy of medical records under HIPAA compliance to safeguard patient information. HIPAA compliance guarantee patient’s right to have access over their medical records. HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act. If you are a Full-stack developer, you must be able to explain how you are going to add HIPAA compliance to your healthcare apps and how you will make it HIPAA compliant.
PCI DSS
PCI DSS is short for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, a suite of regulations that have to be met for maintaining compliance in applications that handle credit card details for the card schemes Visa, Discover, American Express and MasterCard. Consequently, it is obvious that a developer must be familiar with the PCI DSS requirements in order to make a payment app regulated.
FISMA
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) is a compliance framework where a developer can concentrate on implementing computer and network security to support the US Federal Government and its contractors and affiliates. By working towards FISMA standard, the developer will improve security of software.
It is important to understand all the above skills and technologies to become a Full stack developer. LeewayHertz has a team of Full stack developer who can build a digital solution as per client requirements.
Where is Node.js used?
Real-time Web Socket Wonders
- Just like a caffeine boost to web conversations, Node.js powers chat apps. It's the espresso shot for real-time data exchange!
Robotic Dance Moves with IoT
- Node.js gets gadgets grooving! It's the puppet master for IoT, making devices dance to the Internet's tune.
Javascript Juggler in Microservices
- Playing hot potato with tiny tasks, Node.js is ace for microservices, passing code chunks like a circus act.
Stream Dream Team
- In the data stream band, Node.js is the bass player, handling heavy data flows without breaking a sweat.
Node.js Alternatives
Deno
Deno is a secure runtime for JavaScript and TypeScript built on V8, designed by the original creator of Node.js. Uses modern features, including ES modules.
// Example Deno server
import { serve } from "https://deno.land/std/http/server.ts";
const s = serve({ port: 8000 });
for await (const req of s) {
req.respond({ body: "Hello World\n" });
}
- Includes a standard library.
- Security focused: executes code in a sandbox.
- Uses modern JavaScript features.
- Fewer third-party packages than NPM.
- Community is smaller than Node's.
- Less corporate backing compared to Node.
Go
Go (Golang) is a statically typed compiled language designed at Google, aimed at simplicity and efficiency for server-side applications and networked services.
// Example Go server
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, you've requested: %s\n", r.URL.Path)
})
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}
- Compiled language, fast execution.
- Strong concurrency support.
- Simple syntax, easy deployment.
- Lacks some expressiveness (no generics, until recently).
- Dependency management has been historically problematic.
- Error handling can be verbose.
Python with Flask or Django
Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language emphasizing code readability. Flask/Django are frameworks for building web applications.
# Example Flask server
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
return 'Hello, World!'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
- High readability, quick prototyping.
- Rich set of libraries and frameworks.
- Large community and support.
- Slower execution compared to Node.js.
- Global interpreter lock limits concurrency.
- Less suitable for CPU-bound tasks.
Quick Facts about Node.js
Once Upon a Time, JavaScript Escaped the Browser!
In the mystical year of 2009, Ryan Dahl conjured up Node.js, freeing JavaScript from the shackles of web browsers and unleashing it upon the server-side realm. With its non-blocking I/O model and Event-Driven architecture, Node.js was basically the equivalent of giving JavaScript a Red Bull, allowing it to do more work with less waiting around, like an impatient toddler unleashed in a toy store.
// Classic non-blocking I/O model
fs.readFile("story.txt", (err, data) => {
if (err) throw err;
console.log(data);
});
Version Confusion and Conquer
Node.js versions grew faster than rabbits on a fertility diet. We got a new shiny version about every six months. However, things got a bit hairy with versioning mayhem, causing the community to split into io.js. Fear not, like any good fairy tale, by v4.0.0 in 2015, Node.js and io.js had a happy reunion under the Node.js Foundation, because let's face it – branching and merging isn't just a Git thing.
The NPM Gift Basket
Node.js came with a treasure chest known as npm (Node Package Manager), which started as a modest collection of packages. Fast forward to today, and it's like a genie unleashed, boasting a repository so vast that you can find a package for almost anything. Need to fly a drone with JavaScript? There's a package for that. Want to procrastinate by making ASCII art of your cat? npm has your back.
// Installing a package with npm – as simple as asking for candy
npm install express
What is the difference between Junior, Middle, Senior and Expert Node.js developer?
Seniority Name | Years of Experience | Average Salary (USD/year) | Responsibilities & Activities |
---|---|---|---|
Junior | 0-2 | $50,000 - $70,000 |
|
Middle | 2-5 | $70,000 - $100,000 |
|
Senior | 5+ | $100,000 - $130,000 |
|
Expert/Team Lead | 8+ | $130,000+ |
|
Top 10 Node.js Related Tech
JavaScript (ES6+)
Imagine trying to speak to a Node.js environment and not knowing JavaScript. It's like trying to order a pizza in Klingon; the chef won't get it, and you'll end up hungry. Get familiar with the modern syntax (e.g., arrow functions, promises, async/await). It's the VIP pass to Node.js city!
// Arrow function example
const greet = (name) => `Hello, ${name}!`;
Express.js
It's the Swiss Army knife for Node.js developers! Express.js streamlines the process of building server-side routes and handling HTTP requests faster than a caffeinated squirrel. This minimalist web framework is a must-have when zipping around the backend.
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
app.get('/', (req, res) => res.send('Hello World!'));
MongoDB & Mongoose
Node.js loves MongoDB like a pirate loves treasure. It's a NoSQL database that stores data in JSON-like documents. Mongoose, the trusted sidekick, provides schema validation and translates between objects in code and the representation in MongoDB.
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const { Schema } = mongoose;
const blogSchema = new Schema({
title: String,
author: String
});
RESTful API Design
Understanding REST is like knowing the secret handshake at an elite Node.js club. It's about creating clean, efficient, and standard ways for systems to communicate over HTTP, making the internet a happier place for servers and clients alike.
Socket.io
It's like telepathy for your Node.js application. Socket.io enables real-time, bidirectional, event-based communication. It's the go-to for when you want your chat app to send messages faster than a kid replying to "Who wants ice cream?"
const io = require('socket.io')(server);
io.on('connection', (socket) => {
console.log('a user connected');
});
Async/Await
Ever been stuck in line at the grocery store? That's your app without async/await. Mastering asynchronous JavaScript means juggling tasks like a circus performer, making sure your app doesn't freeze while waiting for an API response.
async function fetchUserData() {
const response = await fetch('https://api.example.com/user');
const data = await response.json();
return data;
}
Webpack & Babel
Want your Node.js app to be fashionable with the latest syntax trends? Webpack bundles your scripts, while Babel ensures they're understood by all browsers, even the grumpy old ones. It's the makeover dream team for your code!
// webpack.config.js example
module.exports = {
entry: './app.js',
output: {
filename: 'bundle.js'
}
};
Unit Testing (Jest, Mocha/Chai)
Bugs are sneaky pests. Unit testing frameworks like Jest or Mocha/Chai act as the pest control, snuffing out bugs and keeping your codebase clean and healthy like a scrubbed kitchen floor.
// Jest example
test('adds 1 + 2 to equal 3', () => {
expect(1 + 2).toBe(3);
});
NPM/Yarn
Node's package managers are like the supermarkets for developers, offering aisles of libraries to grab off the shelf. Do you need a date formatter, CSV parser, or something else? Chances are there's a package for that, ready to be popped into your project.
GraphQL
If REST API is the well-organized library, then GraphQL is the personal librarian who fetches exactly what you need. It lets clients specify their data needs in queries, cutting down the unnecessary chatter and streamlining data exchange.
const { graphql, buildSchema } = require('graphql');
const schema = buildSchema(`
type Query {
hello: String
}
`);